Do you want lightning-fast internet with no lags? If yes, then fiber optic cables are what you are looking for. They send data at light speed compared to copper cables that struggle over long distances. While fiber optic cables are faster and more reliable, they can also be costly and quite brittle.
That’s why, in this blog, we’ll discuss in detail why fiber optic cables are preferred over copper cables. Moreover, we’ll also discuss the limitations of using such cables compared to traditional copper wires. So, come with us!
Figure no 1 fiber optic cables efficiency
1) Overview of Fiber Optic and Copper Cables
i) fiber Optic Cable
Fiber optic cables transfer information via light signals instead of electricity. Moreover, it is made of super-thin glass or plastic fibers that enable light to travel over large distances at great speeds. This makes it ideal for fast internet, video calls, gaming, medical equipment, and underwater cables without lagging.
ii) Copper Cable
Copper cables carry data through electrical signals that flow through metal wires. They have many various forms, such as coaxial cables ( television or broadband ) and twisted pair cables ( Ethernet ). Unfortunately, these signals fade over long distances because of obstruction and resistance from other electrical devices.
Figure no 2 Fiber optic and copper cable
2) Advantages of fiber Optic Cable Over Copper Cable
You know the quality and reliability of your connection are determined by the data transmission medium. The use of fiber optic cables is on the rise; unlike copper cables, they offer faster, stronger, and more secure communication. Well! Let me explain why fiber cables are a better option for you.
i) High-Speed and Increased Bandwidth
The transfer of information using fiber optic cables makes use of light pulses, unlike copper cables that rely on electrical current. Thus, it wouldn’t be wrong to say that fiber cables can surpass speeds of 100Gbps, while copper cables have a hard time exceeding 10Gbps. If you enjoy watching high-resolution videos and playing cloud storage or multiplayer games, the difference will be noticeable with fiber cables.
But speed isn’t everything. For example, fiber optic cables have greater bandwidth, which means they can transmit more data at the same time. A single fiber strand can carry thousands of different signals simultaneously, making it perfect for data centers, smart cities, and AI networks. However, too many connected devices slow down the internet performance through copper cables.
Figure no 3 Fiber optic increased bandwidth
ii) High Distance Transmission Capability
Moreover, the data has to travel long distances, which most of you might not notice. For example, if someone is making a video call from another part of the World, the internet speed determines how well the signals are transported through cables.
Well, fiber optic cables can transmit data to a distance of up to 100 kilometres without signal boosters. Copper cables, however, are only strong for about a hundred meters. This is because signals transmitted through copper have a resistance that weakens the signal along the distance covered. For this reason, you can use fiber optics for undersea internet cables, space communications, and global networks.
iii) Immunity to Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)
Have you ever experienced slow internet speeds around electrical devices? If so, then keep in mind that this is clear proof that copper wires on the internet are receiving electromagnetic interference (EMI) from power lines and radios. On the other hand, fiber optics have no such worries since they use light instead of electricity, meaning they have no use for EMI.
iv) Better Security and Data Protection
Additionally, for privacy concerns, the safest option would be fiber optic cables. The reason is that copper cables emit electric signals that hackers can easily capture using special intrusive equipment. On the other hand, fiber optic cables can’t be hacked easily because no signals are emitted there. That is the primary reason, besides many others, that government agencies, military networks, and banks use fiber optics for their sensitive communications.
Figure no 4: Ensuring Data protection using fiber optic
v) Longevity and Resistance to Harsh Conditions
Next, if we talk about longevity, keep in mind that the lifespan of copper cables is limited as they undergo moisture, corrosion, and temperature changes over time. However, fiber optics has a greater life span. For instance;
fiber cables can withstand water, chemical exposure, and even extreme temperatures of -40°C to 85°C. So, if you need a cable that can last without maintenance for decades, fiber is the way to go.
vi) Lightweight and space efficient
Are you aware that fiber cables are lightweight and space-efficient than copper cables? Well! A standard fiber strand is a remarkable 2 mm thick. This enables fiber optic cables to fit perfectly in walls, offices, or data centers. Businesses make use of fiber optics in large networking systems and high-density server rooms due to its ability to carry more data with fewer cables. If you want a powerful performance without clutter, fiber optics performance without hindering the sleek aesthetic.
In short, I must say that fiber optic cables have proven to be more efficient than copper cables as they are faster and more powerful. Therefore, for reliable and efficient Internet service, fiber optics cables are ideal.
Moreover, a Qoura user, Hermione Menelaus, who is a Tech-savvy account manager, has also shared the same points for why we have to prefer fiber optic cable over copper for internet connections.
3) Disadvantages of Fiber Optic Cable Compared to Copper Cable
Fiber optic cables have their advantages in speed and reliability, but they are not without faults. Copper cables do retain some advantages over fiber optics. So, let’s have a look at its limitations.
i) Higher Initial Cost
Fiber optic cables have a higher price than copper cables. A 1-metre length of fiber optic cable can set you back $1-$5, whereas you can get a copper cable for under a dollar. Moreover, the additional equipment required to transmit data, such as optical transmitters and receivers, further increases the price.
If you want to upgrade from copper to fiber optics, there may be a need to replace older network switches and routers. This change costs a lot of money, especially for smaller businesses and homes that already have setups using copper-based network systems.
ii) The Fragility and Sensitivity to Bending
Fiber optic cables are fragile. Their internal glass or plastic fibers may snap if excessively strained, particularly with a static bend below 30 millimeters. However, copper cables are robust. They can be bent and twisted and even stepped on without suffering. Thus, the cable’s robustness allows for easier handling during installation and everyday use.
When opting to place cables in compressed spaces, such as underground or inside walls, copper cables are often the more reliable option as they do not suffer as much damage as fibers do.
iii) Complex Installation and Maintenance
Furthermore, fiber optics require specific skills and specialized tools for their installation. The most complex procedure is splicing, or connecting two fiber cables. You know a fusion splicer is required for this purpose, which can cost anywhere from 5,000 to 10,000 dollars.
On the other hand, copper cables can be easily cut, joined, and repaired with rudimentary equipment. If a copper cable is damaged, repair becomes a hassle-free procedure. However, when dealing with fiber optics, one usually requires an expert. This adds to the cost of maintenance and makes it more difficult.
Thus, compared to copper cable installers, fiber optic technicians have much lower availability. This endangers the efficiency of completing maintenance work to better suit the needs of the customer.
Figure no 5 Complex installation of fiber optic
iv) Limited Power Transmission Capability
Lastly, in the case of copper cables, simultaneously sending information and power is possible. Thus, copper wires are utilized in Power over Ethernet (PoE) systems, which provide power to security cameras and Wi-Fi access points without additional power cords.
On the other hand, electricity cannot be transmitted through optical fibers. Because of that, your devices will require being located closer to a power outlet, which can be unsatisfactory for some scenarios. For instance, configuring a security camera with a fiber optic connection requires running a power cable along with the fiber cable.
4) Final Words
After all the above discussion, hopefully, you now understand the distinctions between fiber optic and copper cables. So, now the choice is up to you. If you seek ultra high-speed internet, long-range communication, or a network that won’t need an upgrade anytime soon, then fiber optic is the answer. But if you need an economical short-range setup or a power-enabled configuration, then copper cables still do a great job.
Every year, more people are choosing fiber optics. With advancing technologies, prices will certainly decline, which will make it more accessible to the wider population. If you’re looking to make the switch to fiber optics, then Dekam fiber is the best place for buying quality cables and professional assistance. So, request an instant quote today!
